linkstream2 microblog

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9466909

The #Brain #Somatic Mosaicism Network
http://science.ScienceMag.org/content/356/6336/eaal1641 Long lifespan of neurons accentuates impact of individual somatic mutations

QT:{{”
Neuropsychiatric disorders have a complex genetic architecture. Human genetic population-based studies have identified numerous heritable sequence and structural genomic variants associated with
susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disease. However, these germline variants do not fully account for disease risk. During brain development, progenitor cells undergo billions of cell divisions to generate the ~80 billion neurons in the brain. The failure to accurately repair DNA damage arising during replication,
transcription, and cellular metabolism amid this dramatic cellular expansion can lead to somatic mutations. Somatic mutations that alter subsets of neuronal transcriptomes and proteomes can, in turn, affect cell proliferation and survival and lead to neurodevelopmental disorders. The long life span of individual neurons and the direct relationship between neural circuits and behavior suggest that somatic mutations in small populations of neurons can significantly affect individual neurodevelopment. The Brain Somatic Mosaicism Network has been founded to study somatic mosaicism both in neurotypical human brains and in the context of complex neuropsychiatric disorders.” “}}

Bit by Bit: The #Darwinian Basis of Life
http://www.PLoSBiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001323 Overview of the amount of generated information in replicating molecules

QT:{{”
“The number of possible compositions is xn. If these are all equally probable, then each has a prior probability of occurrence of x−n, and the information content (number of bits) associated with a particular realized composition is log2(xn). This can also be expressed as 2#bits = xn. For a binary polymer, #bits = n; for a nucleic acid polymer, #bits = 2n.

If the various compositions do not have the same prior probability of occurrence, then the information content associated with a particular realized composition must be calculated based on its prior probability of occurrence (pk), which ranges from 0 to 1. The information content (number of bits) associated with a particular realized composition is −log2(pk).”
“}}

Gerald F. Joyce
Published: May 8, 2012
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001323

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0132907

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v514/n7520/abs/nature13786.html

http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/05/money-still-missing-plan-synthesize-human-genome-takes-another-step-forward

http://www.nature.com/news/brainstorming-is-not-the-way-to-discuss-scientific-issues-1.21951

http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v35/n4/full/nbt.3795.html?WT.feed_name=subjects_animal-biotechnology

http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v34/n4/full/nbt.3516.html

Singer & Soll

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/181/4105/1114.1