linkstream2 microblog

Were these “discovered” by Humboldt?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contour_line#Temperature_and_related_subjects

Model-Based Approach to Inferring…#Cancer Mutation Signatures http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1005657 Assuming independence betw 3 NTs, 11 v 95 parameters

QT:{{”
The first contribution of this paper is to suggest a more parsimonious approach to modelling mutation signatures, with the benefit of producing both more stable estimates and more easily interpretable signatures. In brief, we substantially reduce the number of parameters per signature by breaking each mutation pattern into “features”, and assuming independence across mutation features. For example, consider the case where a mutation pattern is defined by the substitution and its two flanking bases. We break this into three features
(substitution, 3′ base, 5′ base), and characterize each mutation signature by a probability distribution for each feature (which, by our independence assumption, are multiplied together to define a distribution on mutation patterns). Since the number of possible values for each feature is 6, 4, and 4 respectively this requires 5 + 3 + 3 = 11 parameters instead of 96 − 1 = 95 parameters. Furthermore, extending this model to account for ±n neighboring bases requires only 5 + 6nparameters instead of 6 × 42n − 1. For example, considering ±2 positions requires 17 parameters instead of 1,535. Finally,
incorporating transcription strand as an additional feature adds just one parameter, instead of doubling the number of parameters. “}}

Neutral tumor #evolution across #cancer types
http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v48/n3/full/ng.3489.html Initial burst of driver events followed by random mutations

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimborazo

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/26/us/politics/president-obama-weighs-in-on-data-from-genes.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&smid=tw-nytimesscience&smtyp=cur&_r=0

http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2013/06/id-theft-protection-review-lifelock-consumer-reports/index.htm

QT:{{”
This was most famously depicted in his published cross-section of Chimborazo, approximately two feet by three feet (54 cm x 84 cm) color pictorial, he called Ein Naturgemälde der Anden and what is also called the Chimborazo Map. It was a fold-out at the back of the publication…
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http://www.as-coa.org/articles/unity-nature-alexander-von-humboldt-and-americas

A Group of American Teens Are Excelling at…#Math
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/03/the-math-revolution/426855/ To teach concepts or facts to the “educational 1-percenters”

$AAPL can comply with the FBI court order
http://blog.trailofbits.com/2016/02/17/apple-can-comply-with-the-fbi-court-order Appears custom #iOS version would allow enough password attempts to crack