linkstream2 microblog

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“Still, the paper contains essential insights which should frame discussion of data’s role in the economy. One concerns the imbalance of power in the market for data. That stems partly from concentration among big internet firms. But it is also because, though data may be extremely valuable in aggregate, an individual’s personal data typically are not. For one Facebook user to threaten to deprive Facebook of his data is no threat at all. So effective negotiation with internet firms might require collective action: and the formation, perhaps, of a “data-labour union”.

This might have drawbacks. A union might demand too much in
compensation for data, for example, impairing the development of useful AIs. It might make all user data freely available and extract compensation by demanding a share of firms’ profits; that would rule out the pay-for-data labour model the authors see as vital to improving data quality. Still, a data union holds potential as a way of solidifying worker power at a time when conventional unions struggle to remain relevant.”

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https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2018/01/11/should-internet-firms-pay-for-the-data-users-currently-give-away

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Witch’s broom can be caused by cytokinin, a phytohormone, interfering with an auxin-regulated bud. In normal plant function, an auxin would keep the secondary, tertiary, and so on tips from overgrowing, but cytokinin can sometimes interfere with this control, causing these apices to grow into witch’s brooms.

Witch’s broom may be caused by many different types of organisms, including fungi, oomycetes, insects, mistletoe, dwarf mistletoes, mites, nematodes, phytoplasmas, or viruses.[4] The broom growths may last for many years, typically for the life of the host plant. Human activity is sometimes behind the introduction of these organisms, for example, by failing to observe hygienic practice and thereby infecting the tree with the causative organism, or by pruning a tree improperly, and thereby weakening it.
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Doesn’t seem to be related to somatic mosaicism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witch%27s_broom

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More than a century ago, the lines of Blaschko were first described by German dermatologist Alfred Blaschko, based on the observation of patterned skin lesions that were linear on the extremities, S-shaped on the anterior trunk, and V-shaped on the back
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC526027/

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Tetragametic chimerism is a form of congenital chimerism. This condition occurs through the fertilisation of two separate ova by two sperm, followed by aggregation of the two at the blastocyst or zygote stages. This results in the development of an organism with
intermingled cell lines. Put another way, the chimera is formed from the merging of two nonidentical twins (a similar merging presumably occurs with identical twins, but as their genotypes are not
significantly distinct, the resulting individual would not be considered a chimera). As such, they can be male, female, or have mixed intersex characteristics.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimera_(genetics)

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/314886.php

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Coffee, tea, and soda contain caffeine, and this chemical aggravates acid reflux. Switching to decaffeinated versions of these drinks can help minimize the symptoms.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preformationism

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In the history of biology, preformationism (or preformism) is a formerly-popular theory that … Harvey famously asserted, for example, that ex ovo omnia—all animals come from eggs. Because of this assertion in particular, Harvey is often
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https://codeactsineducation.wordpress.com/2018/04/16/personalized-precision-education/

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The word ‘precision’ has become a synonym for the application of data to the analysis and treatment of a wide range of phenomena. ‘Precision medicine’ describes the use of detailed patient information to individualize treatment and prevention based on genes, environment and lifestyle, while ‘precision agriculture’ has become an entire field of R&D focused on ‘engineering technology, sensor systems, computational techniques, positioning systems and control systems for site-specific application’ in the farming sector.

….termed ‘precision electioneering.’ Data-driven precision is therefore both a source of scientific certainty and of controversy and contestation.

Emerging interests in ‘precision education’ foresee the concerted use of learner data for purposes of implementing individualized
educational practices and ‘targeted learning.’ As precision education has been described on the Blog on Learning and Development (BOLD): “}}

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The Lothian birth-cohort studies[1] are two ongoing cohort studies which primarily involve research into how childhood intelligence relates to intelligence and health in old age. The Lothian Birth Cohort studies of 1921 and 1936 have, respectively, followed up Lothian-based participants in the Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947 in old age.[1] Scottish Mental Survey data has provided a measure of the intelligence of Lothian Birth Cohort participants at age 11, which has enabled the investigation of how childhood intelligence relates to cognition, mental health and physical health in old age.[1]

Major cognitive ageing findings of the studies have concerned the stability of intelligence from childhood to old age,[2] the influence of genetics on cognitive function and decline,[3] and the role of the brain’s white matter integrity in successful cognitive ageing.[4] The studies have also been at the vanguard of the field of cognitive epidemiology,[5] which explores how intelligence relates to physical and mental health outcomes. The Lothian Birth Cohort studies are led by Ian Deary, the director of the Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology at the University of Edinburgh.
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Lothian birth-cohort studies – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lothian_birth-cohort_studies

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For nearly three decades, the Nobel Prize-winning economist Robert W. Fogel and a small clutch of colleagues have assiduously researched what the size and shape of the human body say about economic and social changes throughout history, and vice versa.
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height!
https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/27/books/robert-w-fogel-investigates-human-evolution.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XIST
also XIC

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Xist (X-inactive specific transcript) is an RNA gene on the X chromosome of the placental mammals that acts as a major effector of the X inactivation process.[4] It is a component of the Xic – X-chromosome inactivation centre[5] – along with two other RNA genes (Jpx and Ftx) and two protein genes (Tsx and Cnbp2).[6]
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