Production system (computer science) – Wikipedia
Sunday, August 19th, 2018https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_system_(computer_science)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_system_(computer_science)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hofstadter%27s_law
Hofstadter’s Law: It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter’s Law.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%E2%80%93Boltzmann_distribution connection betw. macro & micro
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buridan‘s_ass
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Buridan’s ass is an illustration of a paradox in philosophy in the conception of free will. It refers to a hypothetical situation wherein a donkey that is equally hungry and thirsty is placed precisely midway between a stack of hay and a pail of water. Since the paradox assumes the ass will always go to whichever is closer, it dies of both hunger and thirst since it cannot make any rational decision between the hay and water.[1] A common variant of the paradox substitutes two identical piles of hay for the hay and water; the ass, unable to choose between the two, dies of hunger.
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/P300_(neuroscience)
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granger_causality
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We say that a variable X that evolves over time Granger-causes another evolving variable Y if predictions of the value of Y based on its own past values and on the past values of X are better than predictions of Y based only on its own past values.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spandrel_(biology)
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In evolutionary biology, a spandrel is a phenotypic characteristic that is a byproduct of the evolution of some other characteristic, rather than a direct product of adaptive selection.
The term “spandrel” originated as an architectural word for the roughly triangular space between the tops of two adjacent arches and the ceiling. These spaces were not actually utilized until later on, when artists realized they could make designs and paint in these small areas, enhancing the overall design of the building.
Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewontin brought the term into biology in their influential[1] 1979 paper “The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm: A Critique of the Adaptationist Programme”.[2] This defined the biological concept and argued the case for a structuralist view of evolution.
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