Cartesian Coordinates | SpringerLink
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4471-3685-9_5
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René Descartes (1596–1650) is often credited with the invention of the xy-plane, but Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665) was probably the first inventor. In 1636 Fermat was working on a treatise titled Ad locus planos et solidos isagoge, which outlined what we now call analytic geometry.
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